Research Article
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Effect of Using Recycled Colemanite Waste and Cathode Ray Tube Glass in the Cement Mortar on Physical and Mechanical Properties

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 181 - 191, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1103855

Abstract

In this study, the performance of colemanite, which is a valuable boron waste, and recycled cathode ray tube glass (CRT) in the cement mortar was examined by experimentally. Colemanite waste (CW) and CRT were replaced with cement and aggregate and used as mineral additives, and their effect on the physical and mechanical properties (PP and MP) of mortar was investigated. In addition to the reference sample that didn’t contain CW or CRT, seven more samples were used. In these samples, cement was used at a rate of 2.5% along with CW, and the aggregate was replaced with CRT at the rates of 10%, 20%, and 30%, and with the combination of CW and CRT. The workability, unit weight, and water absorption, compressive strength (CS), flexural strength (FS), and abrasion resistance properties of the mortars were compared. As a result of this study, it has been observed that the use of waste materials can make positive contributions to some of the PP and MP of the mortar. Thus, the goal of both improving the properties of the mortar and making it affordable by using waste materials were achieved.

Supporting Institution

Kocaeli University Scientific Research Project Organization

Project Number

BAP-2009/84

Thanks

The authors are grateful to the "Kocaeli University Scientific Research Project Organization" for their support to the project numbered BAP-2009/84 and named "Investigation of the Usability of CRT as Fine Aggregate in Concrete".

References

  • [1] Sevim U.K., 2011. Colemanite ore waste concrete with low shrinkage and high split tensile strength. Materials and Structures, 44(1), pp. 187-193.
  • [2] Mushurov M., Canpolat O., Uysal M., Mukhallad M., Aygörmez Y., 2018. Investigation of waste products of boron and metakaolin utilizes. Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, 3(2), pp. 212-220.
  • [3] Gencel O., Brostow W., Ozel C., 2010. An investigation on the concrete properties containing colemanite. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 5(3), pp. 216-225.
  • [4] Jin W., Meyer C., Baxter S., 2000. "Glascrete"-Concrete with glass aggregate. ACI Materials Journal, 97(2), pp. 208-213.
  • [5] Meyer C., 2009. The greening of the concrete industry. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(8), pp. 601-605.
  • [6] Wang H.Y., 2009. A study of the effects of LCD glass sand on the properties of concrete. Waste Management, 29(1), pp. 335-341.
  • [7] Hreglich S., Falcone R., Vallotto M., 2001. The recycling of end of life panel glass from TV sets in glass fibres and ceramic productions. In Recycling and Reuse of Glass Cullet, Thomas Telford Publishing, London, UK, pp. 123-134.
  • [8] Iniaghe P.O., Adie G.U., 2015. Management practices for end-of-life cathode ray tube glass: Review of advances in recycling and best available technologies. Waste Management & Research, 33(11), pp. 947-961.
  • [9] Yildirim S.T., 2018. Research on strength, alkali-silica reaction and abrasion resistance of concrete with cathode ray tube glass sand. Sustainable Buildings—Interaction Between a Holistic Conceptual Act and Materials Properties, IntechOpen, London, UK, pp. 131-149.
  • [10] Meyer C., 2003. Glass concrete. Concrete International, 25(6), pp. 55-58.
  • [11] Kou S.C., Poon C.S., 2009. Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with recycled glass aggregate. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(2), pp. 107-113.
  • [12] Ismail Z.Z., Al-Hashmi E.A., 2009. Recycling of waste glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Waste Management, 29(2), pp. 655-659.
  • [13] Kavas T., Çelik M.Y., Evcin A., 2004. Cam atıklarının çimento üretiminde katkı maddesi olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması. 5. Endüstriyel Hammaddeler Sempozyumu, İzmir, Türkiye, 13-14 Mayıs, pp. 114-119.
  • [14] Topçu İ.B., Boğa A.R., Bilir T., 2008. Alkali–silica reactions of mortars produced by using waste glass as fine aggregate and admixtures such as fly ash and Li2CO3. Waste Management, 28(5), pp. 878-884.
  • [15] Özkan Ö., 2007. Properties of mortars containing waste bottle glass and blast furnace slag. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 22(1), pp. 87-94.
  • [16] Saha A.K., Khan M.N.N., Sarker P.K., Shaikh F.A., Pramanik A., 2018. The ASR mechanism of reactive aggregates in concrete and its mitigation by fly ash: A critical review. Construction and Building Materials, 171, pp. 743-758.
  • [17] ASTM C1260, 2014. Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • [18] Shayan A., Xu A., 2004. Value-added utilisation of waste glass in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 34(1), pp. 81-89.
  • [19] Shi C., Zheng K., 2007. A review on the use of waste glasses in the production of cement and concrete. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52(2), pp. 234-247.
  • [20] Siddiqui A.M., Choudhury A.H., Merchant I.J., 2004. Acoustic emission monitoring of the fracture behaviour of concrete containing various size and shape of glass aggregates. Paper presented at 26th European Conference on Acoustic Emission Testing, Berlin, Germany, 15-17 September, pp. 115-130.
  • [21] Batayneh M., Marie I., Asi I., 2007. Use of selected waste materials in concrete mixes. Waste Management, 27(12), pp. 1870-1876.
  • [22] TS EN 197-1, 2012. Cement- Part 1: Compositions and conformity criteria for common cements. Turkish Standarts Institution, Ankara.
  • [23] Fuller W.B., Thompson S.E., 1907. The laws of proportioning concrete. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 59(2), pp. 67-143.
  • [24] ASTM C 1437-07, 2008. Standard test method for flow of hydraulic cement mortar. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • [25] ASTM C642-13, 2013. Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • [26] EN 196-1, 2002. Methods of testing cement – Part 1: Determination of strength. Turkish Standarts Institution, Ankara.
  • [27] BS EN 13892-3, 2014. Methods of test for screed materials: Determination of wear resistance-Bohme. British Standards Institution, London, UK.
  • [28] Kim I.S., Choi S.Y., Yang E.I., 2018. Evaluation of durability of concrete substituted heavyweight waste glass as fine aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 184, pp. 269-277.
  • [29] Liu T., Wei H., Zou D., Zhou A., Jian H., 2020. Utilization of waste cathode ray tube funnel glass for ultra-high performance concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 249, pp. 119333.
  • [30] Penacho P., de Brito J., Veiga M.R., 2014. Physico-mechanical and performance characterization of mortars incorporating fine glass waste aggregate. Cement and Concrete Composites, 50, pp. 47-59.
  • [31] Tuaum A., Shitote S., Oyawa W., 2018. Experimental study of self-compacting mortar incorporating recycled glass aggregate. Buildings, 8(2), pp. 15.
  • [32] Jiao Y., Zhang Y., Guo M., Zhang L., Ning H., Liu S., 2020. Mechanical and fracture properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) containing waste glass sand as partial replacement material. Journal of Cleaner Production, 277, pp. 123501.
  • [33] Rashid K., Hameed R., Ahmad H.A., Razzaq A., Ahmad M., Mahmood A., 2018. Analytical framework for value added utilization of glass waste in concrete: Mechanical and environmental performance. Waste Management, 79, pp. 312-323.
  • [34] Ali E.E., Al-Tersawy S.H., 2012. Recycled glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in self compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 35, pp. 785-791.
  • [35] Mardani-Aghabaglou A., Tuyan M., Ramyar K., 2015. Mechanical and durability performance of concrete incorporating fine recycled concrete and glass aggregates. Materials and Structures, 48(8), pp. 2629-2640.
  • [36] Park S.B., Lee B.C., Kim J.H., 2004. Studies on mechanical properties of concrete containing waste glass aggregate. Cement and Concrete Research, 34(12), pp. 2181-2189.
  • [37] Chen C.H., Huang R., Wu J.K., Yang C.C., 2006. Waste E-glass particles used in cementitious mixtures. Cement and Concrete Research, 36(3), pp. 449-456.
  • [38] Pauzi N.N.M., Jamil M., Hamid R., Abdin A.Z., Zain M.F.M., 2019. Influence of spherical and crushed waste Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) glass on lead (Pb) leaching and mechanical properties of concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 21, pp. 421-428.
  • [39] Walczak P., Małolepszy J., Reben M., Rzepa K., 2015. Mechanical properties of concrete mortar based on mixture of CRT glass cullet and fluidized fly ash. Procedia Engineering, 108, pp. 453-458.
  • [40] Wang J., Guo S., Dai Q., Si R., Ma Y., 2019. Evaluation of cathode ray tube (CRT) glass concrete with/without surface treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, pp. 85-95.
  • [41] Zhao H., Poon C.S., Ling T.C., 2013. Utilizing recycled cathode ray tube funnel glass sand as river sand replacement in the high-density concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 51, pp. 184-190.
  • [42] Hui Z., Sun W., 2011. Study of properties of mortar containing cathode ray tubes (CRT) glass as replacement for river sand fine aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), pp. 4059-4064.
  • [43] Ling T.C., Poon C.S., 2011. Utilization of recycled glass derived from cathode ray tube glass as fine aggregate in cement mortar. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 192(2), pp. 451-456.
  • [44] Liu T., Qin S., Zou D., Song W., 2018. Experimental investigation on the durability performances of concrete using cathode ray tube glass as fine aggregate under chloride ion penetration or sulfate attack. Construction and Building Materials, 163, pp. 634-642.
  • [45] Hui Z., Poon C.S., Ling T.C., 2013. Properties of mortar prepared with recycled cathode ray tube funnel glass sand at different mineral admixture. Construction and Building Materials, 40, pp. 951-960.
  • [46] Erdogmus E., 2014. Combined effect of waste colemanite and silica fume on properties of cement mortar. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 21(3), pp. 369-375.
  • [47] Durgun M.Y., Sevinc A.H., 2019. High temperature resistance of concretes with GGBFS, waste glass powder, and colemanite ore wastes after different cooling conditions. Construction and Building Materials, 196, pp. 66-81.
  • [48] Durgun M.Y., Özen S., Karakuzu K., Kobya V., Bayqra S.H., Mardani-Aghabaglou A., 2022. Effect of high temperature on polypropylene fiber-reinforced mortars containing colemanite wastes. Construction and Building Materials, 316, pp. 125827.
Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 181 - 191, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1103855

Abstract

Project Number

BAP-2009/84

References

  • [1] Sevim U.K., 2011. Colemanite ore waste concrete with low shrinkage and high split tensile strength. Materials and Structures, 44(1), pp. 187-193.
  • [2] Mushurov M., Canpolat O., Uysal M., Mukhallad M., Aygörmez Y., 2018. Investigation of waste products of boron and metakaolin utilizes. Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, 3(2), pp. 212-220.
  • [3] Gencel O., Brostow W., Ozel C., 2010. An investigation on the concrete properties containing colemanite. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 5(3), pp. 216-225.
  • [4] Jin W., Meyer C., Baxter S., 2000. "Glascrete"-Concrete with glass aggregate. ACI Materials Journal, 97(2), pp. 208-213.
  • [5] Meyer C., 2009. The greening of the concrete industry. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(8), pp. 601-605.
  • [6] Wang H.Y., 2009. A study of the effects of LCD glass sand on the properties of concrete. Waste Management, 29(1), pp. 335-341.
  • [7] Hreglich S., Falcone R., Vallotto M., 2001. The recycling of end of life panel glass from TV sets in glass fibres and ceramic productions. In Recycling and Reuse of Glass Cullet, Thomas Telford Publishing, London, UK, pp. 123-134.
  • [8] Iniaghe P.O., Adie G.U., 2015. Management practices for end-of-life cathode ray tube glass: Review of advances in recycling and best available technologies. Waste Management & Research, 33(11), pp. 947-961.
  • [9] Yildirim S.T., 2018. Research on strength, alkali-silica reaction and abrasion resistance of concrete with cathode ray tube glass sand. Sustainable Buildings—Interaction Between a Holistic Conceptual Act and Materials Properties, IntechOpen, London, UK, pp. 131-149.
  • [10] Meyer C., 2003. Glass concrete. Concrete International, 25(6), pp. 55-58.
  • [11] Kou S.C., Poon C.S., 2009. Properties of self-compacting concrete prepared with recycled glass aggregate. Cement and Concrete Composites, 31(2), pp. 107-113.
  • [12] Ismail Z.Z., Al-Hashmi E.A., 2009. Recycling of waste glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Waste Management, 29(2), pp. 655-659.
  • [13] Kavas T., Çelik M.Y., Evcin A., 2004. Cam atıklarının çimento üretiminde katkı maddesi olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması. 5. Endüstriyel Hammaddeler Sempozyumu, İzmir, Türkiye, 13-14 Mayıs, pp. 114-119.
  • [14] Topçu İ.B., Boğa A.R., Bilir T., 2008. Alkali–silica reactions of mortars produced by using waste glass as fine aggregate and admixtures such as fly ash and Li2CO3. Waste Management, 28(5), pp. 878-884.
  • [15] Özkan Ö., 2007. Properties of mortars containing waste bottle glass and blast furnace slag. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 22(1), pp. 87-94.
  • [16] Saha A.K., Khan M.N.N., Sarker P.K., Shaikh F.A., Pramanik A., 2018. The ASR mechanism of reactive aggregates in concrete and its mitigation by fly ash: A critical review. Construction and Building Materials, 171, pp. 743-758.
  • [17] ASTM C1260, 2014. Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method). ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • [18] Shayan A., Xu A., 2004. Value-added utilisation of waste glass in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 34(1), pp. 81-89.
  • [19] Shi C., Zheng K., 2007. A review on the use of waste glasses in the production of cement and concrete. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 52(2), pp. 234-247.
  • [20] Siddiqui A.M., Choudhury A.H., Merchant I.J., 2004. Acoustic emission monitoring of the fracture behaviour of concrete containing various size and shape of glass aggregates. Paper presented at 26th European Conference on Acoustic Emission Testing, Berlin, Germany, 15-17 September, pp. 115-130.
  • [21] Batayneh M., Marie I., Asi I., 2007. Use of selected waste materials in concrete mixes. Waste Management, 27(12), pp. 1870-1876.
  • [22] TS EN 197-1, 2012. Cement- Part 1: Compositions and conformity criteria for common cements. Turkish Standarts Institution, Ankara.
  • [23] Fuller W.B., Thompson S.E., 1907. The laws of proportioning concrete. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 59(2), pp. 67-143.
  • [24] ASTM C 1437-07, 2008. Standard test method for flow of hydraulic cement mortar. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • [25] ASTM C642-13, 2013. Standard test method for density, absorption, and voids in hardened concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  • [26] EN 196-1, 2002. Methods of testing cement – Part 1: Determination of strength. Turkish Standarts Institution, Ankara.
  • [27] BS EN 13892-3, 2014. Methods of test for screed materials: Determination of wear resistance-Bohme. British Standards Institution, London, UK.
  • [28] Kim I.S., Choi S.Y., Yang E.I., 2018. Evaluation of durability of concrete substituted heavyweight waste glass as fine aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 184, pp. 269-277.
  • [29] Liu T., Wei H., Zou D., Zhou A., Jian H., 2020. Utilization of waste cathode ray tube funnel glass for ultra-high performance concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 249, pp. 119333.
  • [30] Penacho P., de Brito J., Veiga M.R., 2014. Physico-mechanical and performance characterization of mortars incorporating fine glass waste aggregate. Cement and Concrete Composites, 50, pp. 47-59.
  • [31] Tuaum A., Shitote S., Oyawa W., 2018. Experimental study of self-compacting mortar incorporating recycled glass aggregate. Buildings, 8(2), pp. 15.
  • [32] Jiao Y., Zhang Y., Guo M., Zhang L., Ning H., Liu S., 2020. Mechanical and fracture properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) containing waste glass sand as partial replacement material. Journal of Cleaner Production, 277, pp. 123501.
  • [33] Rashid K., Hameed R., Ahmad H.A., Razzaq A., Ahmad M., Mahmood A., 2018. Analytical framework for value added utilization of glass waste in concrete: Mechanical and environmental performance. Waste Management, 79, pp. 312-323.
  • [34] Ali E.E., Al-Tersawy S.H., 2012. Recycled glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in self compacting concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 35, pp. 785-791.
  • [35] Mardani-Aghabaglou A., Tuyan M., Ramyar K., 2015. Mechanical and durability performance of concrete incorporating fine recycled concrete and glass aggregates. Materials and Structures, 48(8), pp. 2629-2640.
  • [36] Park S.B., Lee B.C., Kim J.H., 2004. Studies on mechanical properties of concrete containing waste glass aggregate. Cement and Concrete Research, 34(12), pp. 2181-2189.
  • [37] Chen C.H., Huang R., Wu J.K., Yang C.C., 2006. Waste E-glass particles used in cementitious mixtures. Cement and Concrete Research, 36(3), pp. 449-456.
  • [38] Pauzi N.N.M., Jamil M., Hamid R., Abdin A.Z., Zain M.F.M., 2019. Influence of spherical and crushed waste Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) glass on lead (Pb) leaching and mechanical properties of concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 21, pp. 421-428.
  • [39] Walczak P., Małolepszy J., Reben M., Rzepa K., 2015. Mechanical properties of concrete mortar based on mixture of CRT glass cullet and fluidized fly ash. Procedia Engineering, 108, pp. 453-458.
  • [40] Wang J., Guo S., Dai Q., Si R., Ma Y., 2019. Evaluation of cathode ray tube (CRT) glass concrete with/without surface treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, pp. 85-95.
  • [41] Zhao H., Poon C.S., Ling T.C., 2013. Utilizing recycled cathode ray tube funnel glass sand as river sand replacement in the high-density concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 51, pp. 184-190.
  • [42] Hui Z., Sun W., 2011. Study of properties of mortar containing cathode ray tubes (CRT) glass as replacement for river sand fine aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, 25(10), pp. 4059-4064.
  • [43] Ling T.C., Poon C.S., 2011. Utilization of recycled glass derived from cathode ray tube glass as fine aggregate in cement mortar. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 192(2), pp. 451-456.
  • [44] Liu T., Qin S., Zou D., Song W., 2018. Experimental investigation on the durability performances of concrete using cathode ray tube glass as fine aggregate under chloride ion penetration or sulfate attack. Construction and Building Materials, 163, pp. 634-642.
  • [45] Hui Z., Poon C.S., Ling T.C., 2013. Properties of mortar prepared with recycled cathode ray tube funnel glass sand at different mineral admixture. Construction and Building Materials, 40, pp. 951-960.
  • [46] Erdogmus E., 2014. Combined effect of waste colemanite and silica fume on properties of cement mortar. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 21(3), pp. 369-375.
  • [47] Durgun M.Y., Sevinc A.H., 2019. High temperature resistance of concretes with GGBFS, waste glass powder, and colemanite ore wastes after different cooling conditions. Construction and Building Materials, 196, pp. 66-81.
  • [48] Durgun M.Y., Özen S., Karakuzu K., Kobya V., Bayqra S.H., Mardani-Aghabaglou A., 2022. Effect of high temperature on polypropylene fiber-reinforced mortars containing colemanite wastes. Construction and Building Materials, 316, pp. 125827.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Civil Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Salih Taner Yıldırım 0000-0003-0021-0625

Arif Yılmazoğlu 0000-0002-3995-3904

Project Number BAP-2009/84
Early Pub Date October 27, 2023
Publication Date November 30, 2023
Acceptance Date April 11, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yıldırım, S. T., & Yılmazoğlu, A. (2023). Effect of Using Recycled Colemanite Waste and Cathode Ray Tube Glass in the Cement Mortar on Physical and Mechanical Properties. Kocaeli Journal of Science and Engineering, 6(2), 181-191. https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1103855