Araştırma Makalesi
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Psychological Needs in Sports Status Scale (PNSS): Turkish Adaptation, Study of Validity and Reliability

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 4, 163 - 173, 13.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.782132

Öz

In this study, it is aimed to adapt the Psychological Needs In Sports Situation Scale (SPİDÖ) developed by Bhavsar et al. (2020) to Turkish. Firstly, the item-total correlation was calculated as item analysis of the scale which consists of 29 items and 6 factors. In addition, in order to determine the item distinctiveness of the SPİDÖ articles, the scale scores for each sub-dimension are already sorted towards the minimum, and those that enter 27% from the top are divided into the upper group and those that enter 27% from the bottom are divided into sub-groups. The differentiation of articles between the subgroup and the upper group was examined with the t test. In order to examine the compatibility of the six-dimensional structure of the SPİDÖ to the data, a confirmatory factor analysis (DFA) was performed in accordance with the original form of the scale, since the factor structure of the scale was determined. The Robust Maximum Likelihood Estimation (RMLE) was used. In order to determinate the reliability of the sub-dimension scores of the SPİDÖ, the Cronbach alpha coefficient was used. As a result of the DFA, it was determined that article 10 could be removed from the SPİDÖ scale and adapted and used in Turkish as 28 articles.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Adie JW, Duda JL, ve Ntoumanis N. (2008). Autonomy support, basic need satisfaction, and the optimal functioning of adult male and female sport participants: A test of basic needs theory. Motivation and Emotion, 32, 189–199. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s11031-008-9095-z
  • 2. Ainur AK, Sayang MD, Jannoo Z, ve Yap BW. (2017). Sample Size and Non-Normality Effects on Goodness of Fit Measures in Structural Equation Models. Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 25(2), 575-586.
  • 3. Bartholomew KJ, Ntoumanis N, Ryan RM, Bosch JA, ve Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. (2011). Self-determination theory and diminished functioning: The role of interpersonal control and psychological need thwarting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 1459–1473. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.32.2.193.
  • 4. Bartholomew KJ, Ntoumanis N, Ryan RM, ve Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. (2011). Psychological need thwarting in the sport context: Assessing the darker side of athletic experience. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 33, 75–102. https://doi.org/ 10.1123/jsep.33.1.75.
  • 5. Bhavsar N, Bartholomew KJ, Quested E, Gucciardi DF, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Reeve J ve diğ. (2020). Measuring psychological need states in sport: Theoretical considerations and a new measure. Psychology of Sport & Exercise (47), 1-14.
  • 6. Byrne BM. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. New York: Routledge.
  • 7. Chen B, Mouratidis A, Ryan RM, Sheldon KM, Soenens B, Van Petegem S ve diğ. (2015). Basic psychological need satisfaction, need frustration, and need strength across four cultures. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 216–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9450-1.
  • 8. Cheon SH, Reeve J, Lee Y, Ntoumanis N, Gillet N, Kim BR, ve diğ. (2019). Expanding autonomy psychological need states from two (satisfaction, frustration) to three (dissatisfaction): A classroom-based intervention study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 11, 685–702. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000306.
  • 9. Costa S, Ntoumanis N, ve Bartholomew K. (2015). Predicting the brighter and darker sides of interpersonal relationships: Does psychological need thwarting matter? Motivation and Emotion, 39, 11–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9427-0
  • 10. Çakan M, Çelikten S, ve Gündüz T. (2020). Nicel veri analizi ve yorumlanması. B. Oral (Ed) ve A. Çoban (Ed), Kuramdan Uygulamaya Eğitimde Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara. Pegem Akademi. 161-203.
  • 11. Deci EL, ve Ryan RM. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation And Self-Determination İn Human Behavior. New York: Plenum.
  • 12. Deci EL, ve Ryan RM. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior.
  • 13. Hodge K, Lonsdale C, ve Ng JYY. (2008). Burnout in elite rugby: Relationships with basic psychological needs fulfilment. Journal of Sports Science, 26, 835–844. https:// doi.org/10.1080/02640410701784525
  • 14. Hu LT, ve Bentler PM. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to under parameterized model misspeci¬fication. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 424-453.
  • 15. Hu LT, ve Bentler PM. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1):1-55.
  • 16. Kline RB. (2005). Principles And Practice Of Structural Equations Modeling. New York: Guilford.
  • 17. Ng JY, Lonsdale C, ve Hodge K. (2011). The basic needs satisfaction in sport scale (BNSSS): Instrument development and initial validity evidence. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 257–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.10.006
  • 18. Neubauer AB, ve Voss A. (2016). Validation and revision of a German version of the balanced measure of psychological needs scale. Journal of Individual Differences, 37, 56–72. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000188.
  • 19. Neubauer AB, ve Voss A. (2018). The structure of need fulfillment: Separating need satisfaction and dissatisfaction on between- and within-person level. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34, 220–228. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/ a000326.
  • 20. Nunnally JC. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • 21. Ntoumanis N, ve Standage M. (2009). Prosocial and antisocial behaviour in sport: A selfdetermination theory perspective. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21, 365–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200903036040.
  • 22. Mack DE, Wilson PM, Oster KG, Kowalski KC, Crocker PRE, ve Sylvester BD. (2011). Well-being in volleyball players: Examining the contributions of independent and balanced psychological need satisfaction. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 533–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.05.006.
  • 23. Taylor IM, ve Bruner MW. (2012). The social environment and developmental experiences in elite youth soccer. Psychology of Sp.
  • 24. Reinboth M, Duda JL,ve Ntoumanis N. (2004). Dimensions of coaching behavior, need satisfaction, and the psychological and physical welfare of young athletes. Motivation and Emotion, 28, 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MOEM. 0000040156.81924.b8
  • 25. Reinboth M, ve Duda JL. (2006). Perceived motivational climate, need satisfaction and indices of well-being in team sports: A longitudinal perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7, 269–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.06.002.
  • 26. Sheldon KM, ve Bettencourt BA. (2002). Psychological need-satisfaction and subjective wellbeing within social groups. British Journal of Social Psychology, 41, 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466602165036.
  • 27. Sheldon KM, ve Hilpert JC. (2012). The Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs (BMPN) scale: An alternative domain general measure of need satisfaction. Motivation and Emotion, 36, 439–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-012-9279-4.
  • 28. Tan Ş. (2016). SPSS Ve EXCEL Uygulamalı Temel İstatistik 1. Ankara: Pegemakademi.
  • 29. Vansteenkiste M, ve Ryan RM. (2013). On psychological growth and vulnerability: Basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration as a unifying principle. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23, 263–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/ a0032359.

Sporda Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Durum Ölçeği (SPİDÖ): Türkçe Uyarlaması, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 4, 163 - 173, 13.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.782132

Öz

Bu çalışmada Bhavsar vd., (2020) tarafından geliştirilen, Sporda Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Durum Ölçeğinin (SPİDÖ) Türkçeye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Toplam 29 soru 6 alt boyuttan oluşan ölçeğin öncelikle madde analizi olarak, madde-toplam korelasyonu hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca SPİDÖ maddelerinin, madde ayırt ediciliğinin belirlenebilmesi için her bir alt boyuta ait ölçek puanları çoktan aza doğru sıralanıp, üstten %27’ye girenler üst grup, alttan %27’ye girenler alt grup olarak ayrılmıştır. Sonrasında maddelerin alt grup ile üst grup arasında farklılık gösterme durumu t testi ile incelenmiştir. SPİDÖ’nün altı boyutlu yapısının veriye uyumunu incelemek amacıyla ölçme aracının, ölçülen yapıya ilişkin faktör yapısı belli olduğundan ölçeğin orijinal formuna uygun olarak doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Çok değişkenli normal dağılım varsayımı olmadığından, sağlam maksimum olabilirlik kestirimi (Robust Maximum Likelihood Estimation-RMLE) kullanılmıştır. SPİDÖ puanlarının güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla Cronbach alfa katsayısından yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan DFA sonucunda SPİDÖ ölçeğinden madde 10’un çıkarılarak, yani 28 madde olarak, Türkçe’ ye uyarlanıp kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Adie JW, Duda JL, ve Ntoumanis N. (2008). Autonomy support, basic need satisfaction, and the optimal functioning of adult male and female sport participants: A test of basic needs theory. Motivation and Emotion, 32, 189–199. https://doi.org/10. 1007/s11031-008-9095-z
  • 2. Ainur AK, Sayang MD, Jannoo Z, ve Yap BW. (2017). Sample Size and Non-Normality Effects on Goodness of Fit Measures in Structural Equation Models. Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 25(2), 575-586.
  • 3. Bartholomew KJ, Ntoumanis N, Ryan RM, Bosch JA, ve Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. (2011). Self-determination theory and diminished functioning: The role of interpersonal control and psychological need thwarting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 1459–1473. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.32.2.193.
  • 4. Bartholomew KJ, Ntoumanis N, Ryan RM, ve Thøgersen-Ntoumani C. (2011). Psychological need thwarting in the sport context: Assessing the darker side of athletic experience. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 33, 75–102. https://doi.org/ 10.1123/jsep.33.1.75.
  • 5. Bhavsar N, Bartholomew KJ, Quested E, Gucciardi DF, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Reeve J ve diğ. (2020). Measuring psychological need states in sport: Theoretical considerations and a new measure. Psychology of Sport & Exercise (47), 1-14.
  • 6. Byrne BM. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. New York: Routledge.
  • 7. Chen B, Mouratidis A, Ryan RM, Sheldon KM, Soenens B, Van Petegem S ve diğ. (2015). Basic psychological need satisfaction, need frustration, and need strength across four cultures. Motivation and Emotion, 39, 216–236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9450-1.
  • 8. Cheon SH, Reeve J, Lee Y, Ntoumanis N, Gillet N, Kim BR, ve diğ. (2019). Expanding autonomy psychological need states from two (satisfaction, frustration) to three (dissatisfaction): A classroom-based intervention study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 11, 685–702. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000306.
  • 9. Costa S, Ntoumanis N, ve Bartholomew K. (2015). Predicting the brighter and darker sides of interpersonal relationships: Does psychological need thwarting matter? Motivation and Emotion, 39, 11–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-014-9427-0
  • 10. Çakan M, Çelikten S, ve Gündüz T. (2020). Nicel veri analizi ve yorumlanması. B. Oral (Ed) ve A. Çoban (Ed), Kuramdan Uygulamaya Eğitimde Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara. Pegem Akademi. 161-203.
  • 11. Deci EL, ve Ryan RM. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation And Self-Determination İn Human Behavior. New York: Plenum.
  • 12. Deci EL, ve Ryan RM. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior.
  • 13. Hodge K, Lonsdale C, ve Ng JYY. (2008). Burnout in elite rugby: Relationships with basic psychological needs fulfilment. Journal of Sports Science, 26, 835–844. https:// doi.org/10.1080/02640410701784525
  • 14. Hu LT, ve Bentler PM. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to under parameterized model misspeci¬fication. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 424-453.
  • 15. Hu LT, ve Bentler PM. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1):1-55.
  • 16. Kline RB. (2005). Principles And Practice Of Structural Equations Modeling. New York: Guilford.
  • 17. Ng JY, Lonsdale C, ve Hodge K. (2011). The basic needs satisfaction in sport scale (BNSSS): Instrument development and initial validity evidence. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 257–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.10.006
  • 18. Neubauer AB, ve Voss A. (2016). Validation and revision of a German version of the balanced measure of psychological needs scale. Journal of Individual Differences, 37, 56–72. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000188.
  • 19. Neubauer AB, ve Voss A. (2018). The structure of need fulfillment: Separating need satisfaction and dissatisfaction on between- and within-person level. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34, 220–228. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/ a000326.
  • 20. Nunnally JC. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • 21. Ntoumanis N, ve Standage M. (2009). Prosocial and antisocial behaviour in sport: A selfdetermination theory perspective. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21, 365–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200903036040.
  • 22. Mack DE, Wilson PM, Oster KG, Kowalski KC, Crocker PRE, ve Sylvester BD. (2011). Well-being in volleyball players: Examining the contributions of independent and balanced psychological need satisfaction. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 533–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2011.05.006.
  • 23. Taylor IM, ve Bruner MW. (2012). The social environment and developmental experiences in elite youth soccer. Psychology of Sp.
  • 24. Reinboth M, Duda JL,ve Ntoumanis N. (2004). Dimensions of coaching behavior, need satisfaction, and the psychological and physical welfare of young athletes. Motivation and Emotion, 28, 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MOEM. 0000040156.81924.b8
  • 25. Reinboth M, ve Duda JL. (2006). Perceived motivational climate, need satisfaction and indices of well-being in team sports: A longitudinal perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7, 269–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.06.002.
  • 26. Sheldon KM, ve Bettencourt BA. (2002). Psychological need-satisfaction and subjective wellbeing within social groups. British Journal of Social Psychology, 41, 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466602165036.
  • 27. Sheldon KM, ve Hilpert JC. (2012). The Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs (BMPN) scale: An alternative domain general measure of need satisfaction. Motivation and Emotion, 36, 439–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-012-9279-4.
  • 28. Tan Ş. (2016). SPSS Ve EXCEL Uygulamalı Temel İstatistik 1. Ankara: Pegemakademi.
  • 29. Vansteenkiste M, ve Ryan RM. (2013). On psychological growth and vulnerability: Basic psychological need satisfaction and need frustration as a unifying principle. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23, 263–280. https://doi.org/10.1037/ a0032359.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Alpay Bülbül 0000-0002-9636-4735

Gamze Akyol 0000-0002-9266-2516

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Ocak 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ağustos 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Bülbül, A., & Akyol, G. (2021). Sporda Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar Durum Ölçeği (SPİDÖ): Türkçe Uyarlaması, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 31(4), 163-173. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.782132

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