Öz
This study was
conducted on senior managers and computer engineers of a big corporate holding
in Istanbul. The goal of this study was to investigate and compare the effects
cognitive strain and exercise on heart rate variability. 30 people participated in the study. The
average age of the group (18 male and 12 female volunteers) was 37.4 ± SD.
Eleven senior managers (9 male and 2 female). and 19 computer engineers (9 male
and 10 female) participated in the study. Demographic and anthropometric data of
all participants were collected. Heart rate variability was recorded at four
sessions on two days seperated by a week. For the recording Polar S810i
telemetric heart rate watch was used (accuracy 1 ms). Each recording lasted one
hour. The time and frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability were
calculated by the Polar software. The non-parametrical Friedman test was used
for comparison of repeated measurement parameters of the whole group
(significance level p<0.05). In order to determine the difference between
categories the Mann-Whitney U test (significance level p<0.05) was applied.
Pearson correlation was for the correlation between the subjective stress scale
and heart rate variability (significance level p<0.05). Neither were there differences among the
various categories regarding the mean heart rate. But significant differences
were found between senior managers and computer engineers for heart rate
variability parameters. In this context HF high frequency power was the most
predictive parameter in favour of the computer engineers. There was no
significant correlation between a subjective stress scale and heart rate
variability parameters. In conclusion. the significant deterioration of heart
rate variability of the senior managers points to a heavy cognitive strain at
the job place.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Acharya, U. R., Kannathal, N., Sing, O.W., Ping, L.Y., & Chua. T. (2004). Heart rate analysis in normal subjects of various age groups. Biomed Eng Online, 36(7), 1140-8.
- Aronson, E., & Wilson, T.D., (2012) Sosyal psikoloji çev. Okhan Gündüz. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yay.
- Belkic, K., Landsbergis, P., Peter, R., Schnall, P., Baker, D., Theorell, T., Siegrist, J., & Karesek, R.A. (2000). Reseach findings linking work- palce factors for CVD outcomes; psycholocial factors- review of the empirical data among men. Occup Med, 15, 24-46.
- Cüceloğlu, D. (2011). İnsan ve davranışı. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 22.
- Frankenhaueuser, M., Lundberg, U., Augustson, H., Nilson, S., Hedman, H., & Wahlstöm, K. (1989). Work, stress, job satisfaction. Swedish Work Environment Fund. Rest Grafiska. Stockholm pp 1-20.
- Gallagher, D., Terenzi T., & de Meersman, R. (1992). Heart rate variability in smokers, sedentary and aerobically fit individuals. Clin Auton Res., 2(6), 383-7.
- Hackfort, D., & Schwenkmezger, P. (1989). Measuring anxiety in sports: Perspectives and problems. AnXiety in Sports. (Edits). Hackfort. D., Spielberger. CD. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.
- Hjortskov, N., Rissen, D., Blangsted, A.K, Fallentin, N., Lundberg, U., & Sogaard. K. (2004). The effect of mental stress on heart rate variability and blood pressure during computer work. Eur J Appl Physiol, 92(1-2):84-9.
- Johnson, J.V., & Hall, E.M. (1988). Job strain. work place social support and cardiovaskular disease; a cross- sectional study of a random sample of the Swedish working population. Am J Public Health, 78,1336- 1342.
- Karasek, R.A. (1979). Job demans. job decision latitude and mental strain: implications for job redesing. Admin Sci Health 21:285-95.
- Kageyama, T., Nishikido, N., Kobayashi, T., Kurokawa, Y., Kaneko, T., & Kabuto, M. (1998). Self-reported sleep quality, job stress, and daytime autonomic activities assessed in terms of short-term heart rate variability among male white-collar workers. Ind Health, 36(3), 263-72.
- Landers, D.M., Wang, M.O., & Courtet, P. (1985). Peripheral narrowing among experienced and inexperienced rifle shooters under low- and high-stress conditions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 56 (2), 122-130.
- Lundberg, U. (1996). Influence of paid and unpaid work on psychophysiological stres responses of men and women. J Occup Health Psychol, 1, 117-130
- Lopes, P., & White, J. (2006). Heart rate variability measurement methods and practical implications. In: Maud PJ. Foster C. Physiological assessment of human fitness. 2nd edition, p: 39-61.
- Malliani, A., Pagani, M., Lombardi, F., & Cerutti, S., (1991). Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain. Circulation, 84, 1482-1492.
- Rissen, D., Melin, B., Sandsjo, L., Dohns, I., & Lundberg, U. (2000). Surface EMG and psychophysiological stress reactions in women during repetitive work. Eur J Appl Physiol, 83(2-3),215-22.
- Rout, U.R., & Rout, JK., (2002). Stress management for primary health care professionals. Hingham. MA. USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, p 18.
- Sato, N., & Miyake, S. (2004). Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress: relationship with menstrual cycle and gender. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci, 23(6), 215-23.
- Srouffe, L.A. (1971). Effects of depth and rate of breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability. Psychophysiology, 8 (5), 648-55.
Öz
Bu çalışma, İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren büyük
bir holdingin üst düzey yöneticileri ile bilgisayar mühendislerine
uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; iş yerinde zihinsel yüklenme ve egzersizin
kalp hızı değişkenliği üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak ve karşılaştırmaktır. Bu
araştırmaya katılan toplam 30 kişiden (18’i erkek ve 12’si bayan) oluşan grupta
yaş ortalaması 37.4 ± SD tür. Üst düzey yöneticilerden 11 kişi (9 erkek-2
kadın), bilgisayar mühendislerinden 19 kişi (9 erkek-10 kadın) araştırmaya
katılmıştır. Bütün katılımcılar demografik ve antropometrik verileri bir form
ile toplanmıştır. Tüm katılımcıların
kalp atım hızları birer hafta aralıkla iki gün ve günde iki ölçüm olmak üzere
toplam dört kez birer saat boyunca kaydedilmiştir. Kalp atım hızları kaydı için
kalp atım aralıklarını 1 ms hassaslıkta kaydedebilen polar 810i telemetrik
nabız ölçer saat kullanılmıştır. Kalp hızı değişkenliği parametreleri zaman ve
frekans boyutunda polar yazılımı ile belirlenmiştir. Tüm grubun tekrarlanan ölçüm parametrelerinin
karşılaştırmaları için parametrik olmayan Friedman testi kullanılmıştır
(anlamlılık sınırı p<0.05). Kategoriler arsındaki farkı belirlemek için
Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır (anlamlılık sınırı p<0.05). Öznel stres
ölçeği puanlarıyla kalp hızı değişkenliği ölçütleri arasındaki ilişkiyi
belirlemek için Pearson korelasyonu kullanılmıştır (anlamlılık sınırı
p<0.05). Kategoriler
için yapılan karşılaştırmalarda ortalama kalp atım düzeyleri için bir fark
bulunmazken. kalp hızı değişkenliği parametreleri için yöneticiler ile
mühendisler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar tespit edilmiştir. Bu
bağlamda HF yüksek frekans parametresi en belirgin farkı mühendisler lehine
işaret eden parametre olmuştur. Öznel stres ölçeği puanlarıyla kalp hızı
değişkenliği parametreleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmamaktadır. Sonuçta.
yöneticilerin kalp hızı değişkenliği parametrelerinde görülen anlamlı
düşüşlerin ciddi bir zihinsel yüklenmeye işaret etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Acharya, U. R., Kannathal, N., Sing, O.W., Ping, L.Y., & Chua. T. (2004). Heart rate analysis in normal subjects of various age groups. Biomed Eng Online, 36(7), 1140-8.
- Aronson, E., & Wilson, T.D., (2012) Sosyal psikoloji çev. Okhan Gündüz. İstanbul: Kaknüs Yay.
- Belkic, K., Landsbergis, P., Peter, R., Schnall, P., Baker, D., Theorell, T., Siegrist, J., & Karesek, R.A. (2000). Reseach findings linking work- palce factors for CVD outcomes; psycholocial factors- review of the empirical data among men. Occup Med, 15, 24-46.
- Cüceloğlu, D. (2011). İnsan ve davranışı. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 22.
- Frankenhaueuser, M., Lundberg, U., Augustson, H., Nilson, S., Hedman, H., & Wahlstöm, K. (1989). Work, stress, job satisfaction. Swedish Work Environment Fund. Rest Grafiska. Stockholm pp 1-20.
- Gallagher, D., Terenzi T., & de Meersman, R. (1992). Heart rate variability in smokers, sedentary and aerobically fit individuals. Clin Auton Res., 2(6), 383-7.
- Hackfort, D., & Schwenkmezger, P. (1989). Measuring anxiety in sports: Perspectives and problems. AnXiety in Sports. (Edits). Hackfort. D., Spielberger. CD. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.
- Hjortskov, N., Rissen, D., Blangsted, A.K, Fallentin, N., Lundberg, U., & Sogaard. K. (2004). The effect of mental stress on heart rate variability and blood pressure during computer work. Eur J Appl Physiol, 92(1-2):84-9.
- Johnson, J.V., & Hall, E.M. (1988). Job strain. work place social support and cardiovaskular disease; a cross- sectional study of a random sample of the Swedish working population. Am J Public Health, 78,1336- 1342.
- Karasek, R.A. (1979). Job demans. job decision latitude and mental strain: implications for job redesing. Admin Sci Health 21:285-95.
- Kageyama, T., Nishikido, N., Kobayashi, T., Kurokawa, Y., Kaneko, T., & Kabuto, M. (1998). Self-reported sleep quality, job stress, and daytime autonomic activities assessed in terms of short-term heart rate variability among male white-collar workers. Ind Health, 36(3), 263-72.
- Landers, D.M., Wang, M.O., & Courtet, P. (1985). Peripheral narrowing among experienced and inexperienced rifle shooters under low- and high-stress conditions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 56 (2), 122-130.
- Lundberg, U. (1996). Influence of paid and unpaid work on psychophysiological stres responses of men and women. J Occup Health Psychol, 1, 117-130
- Lopes, P., & White, J. (2006). Heart rate variability measurement methods and practical implications. In: Maud PJ. Foster C. Physiological assessment of human fitness. 2nd edition, p: 39-61.
- Malliani, A., Pagani, M., Lombardi, F., & Cerutti, S., (1991). Cardiovascular neural regulation explored in the frequency domain. Circulation, 84, 1482-1492.
- Rissen, D., Melin, B., Sandsjo, L., Dohns, I., & Lundberg, U. (2000). Surface EMG and psychophysiological stress reactions in women during repetitive work. Eur J Appl Physiol, 83(2-3),215-22.
- Rout, U.R., & Rout, JK., (2002). Stress management for primary health care professionals. Hingham. MA. USA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, p 18.
- Sato, N., & Miyake, S. (2004). Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress: relationship with menstrual cycle and gender. J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci, 23(6), 215-23.
- Srouffe, L.A. (1971). Effects of depth and rate of breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability. Psychophysiology, 8 (5), 648-55.
Ayrıntılar
| Konular | Spor Hekimliği |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makale |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Aralık 2017 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 26 Ekim 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2 |
