Öz
Ahşap; hafifliği, iyileştirilebilen fiziksel özellikleri, tür çeşitliliği, endüstriyel ürün olanağı, ekolojik oluşu ve sürdürülebilir kaynak temini gibi sebeplerden dolayı, yapı sektöründe geniş kullanım alanı olan bir malzemedir. Üstün performans özellikleri gösterirken yapıya ağır yükler vermeyen, çevreye duyarlı, sürdürülebilir özellikler taşıyan, her geçen gün mimari uygulamalarda popülerliği artan çağdaş ahşap bina konstrüksiyonları ve cephelerinin kuruluş yöntemleri bu makalenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, ahşabın yapısal ürün bağlamında özellikleri, endüstriyel ahşap bileşenlerin yapı sektöründe kullanım bulan çeşitleri ve olanakları aktarıldıktan sonra, ahşap konstrüksiyonlu çağdaş bina sistemleri için yapısal özellikler bağlamında bir sınıflandırma geliştirilerek her sisteme özgü cephe oluşumları açıklanmıştır. Sınıflandırma yapılan sistemlerin karakteristik özelliklerini taşıyan örnek uygulamalar her sistem tanıtımı sonunda oluşturulan yapısal analiz tabloları ile incelenmiştir. Bina konstrüksiyonlarında ahşap malzeme ile cephe oluşumunda etkin olan parametreler ortaya konmuş, sistemler bu parametreler bağlamında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen sistem sınıflandırması ve ölçütler bağlamında çağdaş ahşap konstrüksiyonlu binalarda uygulanan cephe kuruluş yöntemleri açıklanarak tasarım ve uygulamalarda göz önünde tutulması gereken hususlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ahşap bileşenler Bina konstrüksiyonu Cephe kuruluşu taşıyıcı sistem
Kaynakça
- Avlar, E., & Ustaoğlu, S. S. (2017). 2000'li Yılların Başında Endüstriyel Ahşap Ürünlerle Gelişmiş Yapı Üretimi. Mimarlık Dergisi, Sayı: 393 / Ocak-Şubat, 75-80.
- Blaylock, Jeffrey R. L. (2012). Wood Infill Walls in Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures: A Wood/concrete Construction Niche. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. The University of Western Ontario.
- CanadaWood (tarih yok). Moisture and Wood Frame Buldings. International Building Series (1), 1-20.
- Ching, F. D., & Adams, C. (2015). Çizimlerle Bina Yapım Rehberi "Building Construction Illustrated" (6.Baskı). (T. S. Tağmat, Çev.) İstanbul: YEM yayın.
- Deutschland, H. (tarih yok). Katalog zum Deutschen Holzbaupreis 2015. 05 29, 2020 tarihinde Holzbau Deutschland- Bund Deutscher Zimmermeister: https://www.holzbau-deutschland.de/fileadmin/sites/holzbaupreis/Downloads/Holzbaupreis_2015/DHBP_2015_Katalog.pdf adresinden alındı
- EN 1995-1-1: Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardisation.
- EN 1995-1-2: Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General – Structural fire design. European Committee for Standardisation.
- Finch, G. (2016). High-Rise Wood Building Enclosures. Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings XIII International Conference. (pp. 679-692). ASHRAE.
- Finch, G. (2018). Mass Timber& Tall Wood Buildings. XXII Westford Symposium- Summer Camp (pp. 1-54). RDH Building Science.
- Franke, S., Franke, B., & Harte, A. M. (2015). Reinforcement of Timber Beams. A. M. HARTE, & P. DIETSCH içinde, Reinforcement of Timber Structures- A state of the art report, pp.5-24.
- Golanski, M. (2018). Digital tectonics and dynamics in designing of wooden architecture envelopes. 11th Conference on Advanced Building Skins, pp. 758-769
- Karacabeyli, E., & Douglas, B. (2013). CLT Handbook. (U.S. Ed.). FPInnovations.
- Kaushik, K. (2017). Feasibility study of tall concrete-timber hybrid system. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. University of British Columbia. DOI: 10.14288/1.0360781
- Marzi, T. (2015). Nanotechnologies For Reinforcement and Protection of Timber Structures: Innovative Nano-Coatings. Annette M. Harte, Philipp Dietsch (Ed.), Reinforcement of Timber Structures- A State Of The Art Report Part II In (p. 209-230). Germany.
- Matthews, S. A. (2011). A Life Cycle Comparison Of Light-Frame Wood And Insulated Concrete Form Building Envelopes: Energy Use And Green House Gases. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. University of Tennessee, Knoxville. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1003
- Mclain, R. (2019). Mid-Rise Wood-Frame Buildings- Safe, Cost Effective and Sustainable. Structure Magazine , 22-25. https://www.structuremag.org/?p=14188
- Mullens, M. A., & Arif, M. (2006). Structural insulated panels: Impact on the residential construction process. Journal of construction engineering and management, 132(7), 786-794. DOI: 10.1061
- Öztank, N. (2004). Orta yükseklikteki (4-8 kat) Konut Yapılarında Ahşap Teknolojisinin Uygulanabilirliği. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
- Buchanan, A. H., Pampanin, S., Palermo, A., Newcombe, M. (2016). Non-Conventional Multi-Storey Timber Buildings Using Posttensioning. Structural Engineering International, 18:2, 166-173, DOI: 10.2749/101686608784218635
- Parlar, Y. (2000). Ahşap Prefabrike Sistemler ve Uygulama Olanakları. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi . Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
- Quirouette, R. L. (2004). Air pressure and the building envelope. Ottawa: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Electronic Article.
- reThinkWood. (2012). Mid-Rise Wood Construction. Engineering News-Record .
- Rhijn, A. V. (2020). Possibilities Of Timber High-Rise - A Parametric Study On The Possibilities Of Timber High-Rise In The Netherlands. Delft University of Technology.
- Timmer, S. (2011). Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi . Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences.
- Wang, J. (2017). Evolution of the Building Envelope in Modern Wood Construction. Proje . FPInnovations. WaughThistletonArchitects. (2018). 100 Projects UK CLT. Canada.
- Yıldırım, A. F. (2009). Ahşap Platform Çerçeve Sistem. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi . Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
- URL 1: https://www.designboom.com/architecture/alice-house-1-epfl-campus-lausanne-07-19-2016/ Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 2: http://www.ladowntownnews.com/news/alcohol-permit-denied-for-main-street-eatery/article_aeae3016-8cfa-11e2-93eb-0019bb2963f4.html Erişim:13.06.2020
- URL 3: https://www.archdaily.com/802831/t3-michael-green-architecture?ad_medium=gallery Erişim: 13.06.2020
- URL 4: https://www.cfmoller.com/p/Kajstaden-Tall-Timber-Building-i3592.html Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 5: https://www.kingspan.com/gb/en-gb/products/timber-frame-construction/kingspan-tek-building-system Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 6: https://www.sipeurope.eu/en/referencie/commercial-buildings,panel-buildings/lekkerkerk-netherlands/ Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 7: http://www.plparchitecture.com/oakwood-timber-tower-2.html Erişim: 14.06.2020
- URL 8: https://architizer.com/projects/downland-gridshell/ Erişim: 06.06.2020
- URL 9: http://www.openairclassroom.org.uk/Further%20information/information-downland%20gridshell.htm Erişim: 06.06.2020
- URL 10: https://www.archdaily.com/925521/timber-pavilion-of-the-vidy-lausanne-theatre-yves-weinand-architectes-sarl-plus-atelier-cube Erişim: 25.04.2021
Öz
Wood is a material that has a wide area of usage in the construction sector due to its lightness, improvable physical properties, variety of species, industrial product opportunity, ecological and sustainable resource supply. Contemporary wooden constructions and façades, which do not give heavy loads to the building while showing superior performance characteristics, are environmentally friendly and sustainable, and becoming increasingly popular in architectural applications, constitute the subject of this article. In the study, after explaining the properties of wood in the context of the constructional product, the types and possibilities of industrial wooden components used in the construction sector, a classification was developed for contemporary wooden systems in the context of constructional features and the methods of facade assembly were explained for each system. The sample applications bearing the characteristics of the classified systems were examined with analysis tables created at the end of each system introduction. The effective parameters for facade assemblies with wooden material in building constructions were revealed, and the systems were analyzed in the context of these parameters. In the context of the system classification and criteria developed within the scope of the study, the façade assembly methods applied in contemporary wooden construction buildings were explained and the issues that should be considered in design and applications were evaluated.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Building construction Facade assembly Structure Wooden components
Kaynakça
- Avlar, E., & Ustaoğlu, S. S. (2017). 2000'li Yılların Başında Endüstriyel Ahşap Ürünlerle Gelişmiş Yapı Üretimi. Mimarlık Dergisi, Sayı: 393 / Ocak-Şubat, 75-80.
- Blaylock, Jeffrey R. L. (2012). Wood Infill Walls in Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures: A Wood/concrete Construction Niche. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. The University of Western Ontario.
- CanadaWood (tarih yok). Moisture and Wood Frame Buldings. International Building Series (1), 1-20.
- Ching, F. D., & Adams, C. (2015). Çizimlerle Bina Yapım Rehberi "Building Construction Illustrated" (6.Baskı). (T. S. Tağmat, Çev.) İstanbul: YEM yayın.
- Deutschland, H. (tarih yok). Katalog zum Deutschen Holzbaupreis 2015. 05 29, 2020 tarihinde Holzbau Deutschland- Bund Deutscher Zimmermeister: https://www.holzbau-deutschland.de/fileadmin/sites/holzbaupreis/Downloads/Holzbaupreis_2015/DHBP_2015_Katalog.pdf adresinden alındı
- EN 1995-1-1: Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardisation.
- EN 1995-1-2: Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General – Structural fire design. European Committee for Standardisation.
- Finch, G. (2016). High-Rise Wood Building Enclosures. Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings XIII International Conference. (pp. 679-692). ASHRAE.
- Finch, G. (2018). Mass Timber& Tall Wood Buildings. XXII Westford Symposium- Summer Camp (pp. 1-54). RDH Building Science.
- Franke, S., Franke, B., & Harte, A. M. (2015). Reinforcement of Timber Beams. A. M. HARTE, & P. DIETSCH içinde, Reinforcement of Timber Structures- A state of the art report, pp.5-24.
- Golanski, M. (2018). Digital tectonics and dynamics in designing of wooden architecture envelopes. 11th Conference on Advanced Building Skins, pp. 758-769
- Karacabeyli, E., & Douglas, B. (2013). CLT Handbook. (U.S. Ed.). FPInnovations.
- Kaushik, K. (2017). Feasibility study of tall concrete-timber hybrid system. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. University of British Columbia. DOI: 10.14288/1.0360781
- Marzi, T. (2015). Nanotechnologies For Reinforcement and Protection of Timber Structures: Innovative Nano-Coatings. Annette M. Harte, Philipp Dietsch (Ed.), Reinforcement of Timber Structures- A State Of The Art Report Part II In (p. 209-230). Germany.
- Matthews, S. A. (2011). A Life Cycle Comparison Of Light-Frame Wood And Insulated Concrete Form Building Envelopes: Energy Use And Green House Gases. Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. University of Tennessee, Knoxville. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1003
- Mclain, R. (2019). Mid-Rise Wood-Frame Buildings- Safe, Cost Effective and Sustainable. Structure Magazine , 22-25. https://www.structuremag.org/?p=14188
- Mullens, M. A., & Arif, M. (2006). Structural insulated panels: Impact on the residential construction process. Journal of construction engineering and management, 132(7), 786-794. DOI: 10.1061
- Öztank, N. (2004). Orta yükseklikteki (4-8 kat) Konut Yapılarında Ahşap Teknolojisinin Uygulanabilirliği. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
- Buchanan, A. H., Pampanin, S., Palermo, A., Newcombe, M. (2016). Non-Conventional Multi-Storey Timber Buildings Using Posttensioning. Structural Engineering International, 18:2, 166-173, DOI: 10.2749/101686608784218635
- Parlar, Y. (2000). Ahşap Prefabrike Sistemler ve Uygulama Olanakları. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi . Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
- Quirouette, R. L. (2004). Air pressure and the building envelope. Ottawa: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Electronic Article.
- reThinkWood. (2012). Mid-Rise Wood Construction. Engineering News-Record .
- Rhijn, A. V. (2020). Possibilities Of Timber High-Rise - A Parametric Study On The Possibilities Of Timber High-Rise In The Netherlands. Delft University of Technology.
- Timmer, S. (2011). Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi . Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences.
- Wang, J. (2017). Evolution of the Building Envelope in Modern Wood Construction. Proje . FPInnovations. WaughThistletonArchitects. (2018). 100 Projects UK CLT. Canada.
- Yıldırım, A. F. (2009). Ahşap Platform Çerçeve Sistem. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi . Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
- URL 1: https://www.designboom.com/architecture/alice-house-1-epfl-campus-lausanne-07-19-2016/ Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 2: http://www.ladowntownnews.com/news/alcohol-permit-denied-for-main-street-eatery/article_aeae3016-8cfa-11e2-93eb-0019bb2963f4.html Erişim:13.06.2020
- URL 3: https://www.archdaily.com/802831/t3-michael-green-architecture?ad_medium=gallery Erişim: 13.06.2020
- URL 4: https://www.cfmoller.com/p/Kajstaden-Tall-Timber-Building-i3592.html Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 5: https://www.kingspan.com/gb/en-gb/products/timber-frame-construction/kingspan-tek-building-system Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 6: https://www.sipeurope.eu/en/referencie/commercial-buildings,panel-buildings/lekkerkerk-netherlands/ Erişim: 02.08.2020
- URL 7: http://www.plparchitecture.com/oakwood-timber-tower-2.html Erişim: 14.06.2020
- URL 8: https://architizer.com/projects/downland-gridshell/ Erişim: 06.06.2020
- URL 9: http://www.openairclassroom.org.uk/Further%20information/information-downland%20gridshell.htm Erişim: 06.06.2020
- URL 10: https://www.archdaily.com/925521/timber-pavilion-of-the-vidy-lausanne-theatre-yves-weinand-architectes-sarl-plus-atelier-cube Erişim: 25.04.2021
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Mimarlık |
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 25 Mayıs 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 |
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